Document Type : Research Article
Authors
1
Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University,Ain Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt.
2
Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University,Ain Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt.
3
Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt
4
Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt
Abstract
Background: Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a key component in sunscreen products, particularly for its ability to provide a physical barrier against a broad region of the ultraviolet (UV) radiation spectrum and its soothing, non-irritating nature, which is recommended for sensitive skin. Objectives: This work aimed to develop a sunscreen cream using ZnO with the addition of other selected skin-friendly ingredients that are gentle and beneficial to skin and then evaluate the properties of the developed cream. Methods: Three formulae of sunscreen creams (F1, F2 and F3) were prepared by mixing ingredients using homogenization technique. The two homogenously appearing formulae (F2 and F3) were assessed in terms of pH and spreadability. The optimum formula (F3) was further evaluated in terms of rheological behavior, in vitro sun protection factor (SPF), skin irritation potential, and physical stability upon storage. Results: The formula (F3) showed acceptable pH, good spreadability, thixotropic non-Newtonian shear- thinning rheological behavior, and SPF value of 5.01 ± 0.55 with broad-spectrum protection against UVA and UVB. Moreover, the formula (F3) did not cause any signs of irritation on rats’ skin and the normal histological structure of rats’ skin appeared under a microscope. Also, F3 was physically stable and kept its color and homogeneity without any phase separation after storage for 20 days at ambient temperature. Conclusion: The formula (F3) composed of zinc oxide, olive oil, aloe vera gel, vitamin E, and Tween 80 is a promising skin-compatible sunscreen cream. However, further examination of this formula on human skin is needed to confirm its safety and efficiency for humans.
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